Meadows R9 HOUDINI BOY @ STUD
R9Result
Houdini Boy @ Stud
9:07pm • 730m9:07pm • 730m
PLWeightTrainerFlucs
SPOpenBestMarginBox
Age
29/05/2021
Sex
Black - Bitch
Today's Stats
Good
0-0-0-0
Track
0-0-0-0
Distance
0-0-0-0
Track & Distance
0-0-0-0
Career
22-12-3-3
Prize Money
$139,260
Win Range
N/A
Last 10 Starts
2113511111
Last Run
8 days ago
Win S/Rate
55%
Place S/Rate
82%
| Total | Distance | Track | Trk & Dist | Day | Night | 1st Up | 2nd Up | 3rd Up | 4th Up | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Listed | WFA | Jumps | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stats | 22-12-3-3 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | |
| Win % | 55% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Place % | 82% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Rank | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Finish | Date | Track | Distance | Race No. | Cond. | Class | Margin | Prize won | Box | SP | Last Run | In-running | Sectionals | Winner | 2nd | 3rd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1/6 | 9 Nov 2023 | Sandown Park | 715m | 4 | 5 | - | 4.25L | - | 7 | $2.50 | 17 days ago | 1 | 6.07, 15.64, 30.3 | Icy Eyes | - | Big Suzie |
| 1/7 | 23 Oct 2023 | Albion Park | 710m | 4 | 5 | - | 12.25L | $7,995 | 3 | $1.15 | 7 days ago | 1-1-1 | 15.73, 28.19 | Icy Eyes | - | Radical Tom |
| 1/7 | 16 Oct 2023 | Albion Park | 710m | 5 | 5 | - | 1.5L | $7,995 | 6 | $1.50 | 4 days ago | 1-1-1 | 15.82, 28.32 | Icy Eyes | - | Titanium Gunn |
| 1/6 | 12 Oct 2023 | Albion Park | 600m | 8 | 5 | - | 3.75L | $8,840 | 2 | $2.10 | 7 days ago | 2-1-1 | 10.02, 22.13 | Icy Eyes | - | Bogie Hurricane |
| 1/8 | 5 Oct 2023 | Albion Park | 600m | 7 | 5 | - | 6.0L | $7,020 | 1 | $1.90 | 7 days ago | 1-1-1 | 9.79, 21.71 | Icy Eyes | - | Springtime Rose |
| 5/6 | 28 Sep 2023 | Albion Park | 710m | 6 | 5 | - | 3.75L | $110 | 8 | $3.50 | 7 days ago | 2-2-5 | 16.06, 28.71 | Emerald Eyes | - | - |
| 3/5 | 21 Sep 2023 | Albion Park | 600m | 3 | 5 | - | 8.25L | $1,080 | 1 | $1.22 | 7 days ago | 4-3-3 | 9.89, 22.41 | Bogie Hurricane | - | Icy Eyes 28.7kgs 8.25L |
| 1/8 | 14 Sep 2023 | Casino | 620m | 7 | 5 | - | 2.5L | $7,200 | 1 | $1.50 | 10 days ago | 2-2-1-1-1-1 | 10.12, 20.07 | Icy Eyes | - | Run West |
| 1/7 | 4 Sep 2023 | Albion Park | 600m | 9 | 5 | - | 10.0L | $4,550 | 5 | $1.30 | 11 days ago | 1-1-1 | 9.89, 21.83 | Icy Eyes | - | Moreton Magic |
| 2/8 | 24 Aug 2023 | Albion Park | 520m | 8 | 5 | - | 1.5L | $3,700 | 3 | $7.00 | 7 days ago | 2-3-2 | 5.63, 17.41 | Dolly Dutton | Icy Eyes 28.5kgs 1.5L | - |
| Firm | Good | Soft | Heavy | Synthetic | All Wet | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stats | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | |
| Win % | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Place % | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Rank | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Sire
Flying Fired Up
Dam
Agame
Trained at
Willow Vale
Owners
Peter Mcblane
| Trainer (12 months) | Stats | Win % | Place % | Rank | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selena Zammit | 0-0-0-0 | 0% | 0% | - |
Race comment
Colossal win last time, small field helps, danger.
Age
21/05/2021
Sex
Bk - Dog
Today's Stats
Good
0-0-0-0
Track
0-0-0-0
Distance
0-0-0-0
Track & Distance
0-0-0-0
Career
22-5-7-3
Prize Money
$35,270
Win Range
N/A
Last 10 Starts
2252421121
Last Run
6 days ago
Win S/Rate
23%
Place S/Rate
68%
| Total | Distance | Track | Trk & Dist | Day | Night | 1st Up | 2nd Up | 3rd Up | 4th Up | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Listed | WFA | Jumps | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stats | 22-5-7-3 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | |
| Win % | 23% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Place % | 68% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Rank | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Finish | Date | Track | Distance | Race No. | Cond. | Class | Margin | Prize won | Box | SP | Last Run | In-running | Sectionals | Winner | 2nd | 3rd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1/7 | 11 Nov 2023 | Warragul | 680m | 5 | 5 | - | 0.75L | - | 8 | $1.70 | 8 days ago | 1 | 19.012 | Dewana Payout | - | Bye Georgie |
| 2/5 | 3 Nov 2023 | Shepparton | 650m | 5 | 4 | - | 3.75L | - | 8 | $2.70 | 4 days ago | 2 | 17.635 | Big Suzie | Dewana Payout 32.6kgs 3.75L | - |
| 1/6 | 30 Oct 2023 | Shepparton | 650m | 4 | 5 | - | 1.5L | - | 2 | $1.60 | 10 days ago | 1 | 17.80925 | Dewana Payout | - | Chance Take It |
| 1/7 | 20 Oct 2023 | Bendigo | 660m | 1 | 6 | - | 4.5L | - | 4 | $3.50 | 5 days ago | 1 | 4.30075 | Dewana Payout | - | Go Far Star |
| 2/7 | 15 Oct 2023 | Sale | 640m | 5 | 6 | - | 0.25L | - | 6 | $10.90 | 9 days ago | 2 | 6.3825 | Mepunga Sunset | Dewana Payout 32kgs 0.25L | - |
| 4/7 | 6 Oct 2023 | Geelong | 680m | 5 | 6 | - | 2.25L | - | 6 | $5.10 | 5 days ago | 4 | 18.512 | Osprey Diva | - | - |
| 2/5 | 1 Oct 2023 | Sandown Park | 595m | 2 | 6 | - | 2.75L | - | 4 | $2.00 | 44 days ago | 2 | 9.4575 | Mepunga Roxy | Dewana Payout 33.3kgs 2.75L | - |
| 5/8 | 18 Aug 2023 | Bendigo | 660m | 5 | 6 | - | 2.25L | - | 2 | $1.40 | 14 days ago | 5 | 4.4095 | Misty Black | - | - |
| 2/7 | 4 Aug 2023 | Geelong | 680m | 5 | 6 | - | 2.0L | - | 6 | $1.80 | 9 days ago | 2 | 18.9725 | Mepunga Loaf | Dewana Payout 31.5kgs 2.0L | - |
| 2/7 | 26 Jul 2023 | Ballarat | 660m | 4 | 6 | - | 1.25L | - | 1 | $3.30 | 7 days ago | 2 | 13.294 | Mepunga Surprise | Dewana Payout 31.2kgs 1.25L | - |
| Firm | Good | Soft | Heavy | Synthetic | All Wet | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stats | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | |
| Win % | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Place % | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Rank | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Sire
Fernando Bale
Dam
Dewana Classic
Owners
DOZUS TWO
| Trainer (12 months) | Stats | Win % | Place % | Rank | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BRENDAN DEWAN | 0-0-0-0 | 0% | 0% | - |
Race comment
Racing in career best form, could cause an upset.
Age
02/11/2019
Sex
Red Fwn - Dog
Today's Stats
Good
0-0-0-0
Track
0-0-0-0
Distance
0-0-0-0
Track & Distance
0-0-0-0
Career
83-9-9-13
Prize Money
$84,405
Win Range
N/A
Last 10 Starts
5145512222
Last Run
11 days ago
Win S/Rate
11%
Place S/Rate
37%
| Total | Distance | Track | Trk & Dist | Day | Night | 1st Up | 2nd Up | 3rd Up | 4th Up | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Listed | WFA | Jumps | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stats | 83-9-9-13 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | |
| Win % | 11% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Place % | 37% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Rank | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Finish | Date | Track | Distance | Race No. | Cond. | Class | Margin | Prize won | Box | SP | Last Run | In-running | Sectionals | Winner | 2nd | 3rd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2/8 | 6 Nov 2023 | Meadows | 600m | 7 | 5 | - | 0.5L | - | 8 | $61.00 | 9 days ago | 2 | 9.2475 | Kai Bale | Warringah Bale 28.6kgs 0.5L | - |
| 2/7 | 28 Oct 2023 | Meadows | 600m | 6 | 5 | - | 1.5L | - | 6 | $24.40 | 9 days ago | 2 | 9.145 | Ailee Bale | Warringah Bale 28.6kgs 1.5L | - |
| 2/6 | 19 Oct 2023 | Sandown Park | 715m | 1 | 5 | - | 3.25L | - | 1 | $19.90 | 7 days ago | 2 | 6.125 | Mepunga Surprise | Warringah Bale 28.8kgs 3.25L | - |
| 2/6 | 12 Oct 2023 | Sandown Park | 715m | 4 | 5 | - | 4.75L | - | 7 | $13.30 | 7 days ago | 2 | 6.235 | Osprey Diva | Warringah Bale 28.9kgs 4.75L | - |
| 1/6 | 5 Oct 2023 | Sandown Park | 595m | 12 | 5 | - | 0.5L | - | 2 | $9.10 | 5 days ago | 1 | 9.6945 | Warringah Bale | - | Louie |
| 5/7 | 30 Sep 2023 | Meadows | 600m | 6 | 4 | - | 5.5L | - | 4 | $37.80 | 9 days ago | 5 | 9.2995 | Wheel and Go | - | - |
| 5/8 | 21 Sep 2023 | Sandown Park | 515m | 12 | 5 | - | 8.5L | - | 2 | $5.00 | 7 days ago | 5 | 5.27375 | Piscopo Bale | - | - |
| 4/7 | 14 Sep 2023 | Sandown Park | 515m | 12 | 5 | - | 6.0L | - | 2 | $4.70 | 5 days ago | 4 | 5.2445 | Come on Kilkenny | - | - |
| 1/8 | 9 Sep 2023 | Meadows | 525m | 11 | 5 | - | 6.25L | - | 4 | $12.20 | 3 days ago | 1 | 5.38, 18.28 | Warringah Bale | - | Spring Casper |
| 5/8 | 6 Sep 2023 | Ballarat | 450m | 5 | 5 | - | 6.0L | - | 5 | $3.70 | 7 days ago | 5 | 7.00175 | Artificial Blue | - | - |
| Firm | Good | Soft | Heavy | Synthetic | All Wet | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stats | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | |
| Win % | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Place % | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Rank | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Sire
Fernando Bale
Dam
Parsec Bale
Trained at
Monash
Owners
Becc Weinert
| Trainer (12 months) | Stats | Win % | Place % | Rank | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| THOMAS DAILLY | 0-0-0-0 | 0% | 0% | - |
Race comment
More than capable but place best in this company.
Age
09/03/2020
Sex
Black - Dog
Today's Stats
Good
0-0-0-0
Track
0-0-0-0
Distance
0-0-0-0
Track & Distance
1-0-1-0
Career
33-9-3-4
Prize Money
$43,945
Win Range
N/A
Last 10 Starts
8547141624
Last Run
9 days ago
Win S/Rate
27%
Place S/Rate
48%
| Total | Distance | Track | Trk & Dist | Day | Night | 1st Up | 2nd Up | 3rd Up | 4th Up | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Listed | WFA | Jumps | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stats | 33-9-3-4 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 1-0-1-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | |
| Win % | 27% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Place % | 48% | 0% | 0% | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Rank | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Finish | Date | Track | Distance | Race No. | Cond. | Class | Margin | Prize won | Box | SP | Last Run | In-running | Sectionals | Winner | 2nd | 3rd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4/5 | 8 Nov 2023 | Meadows | 730m | 4 | 5 | - | 9.75L | - | 1 | $12.00 | 11 days ago | 4 | 5.1645 | Exploded | - | - |
| 2/3 | 28 Oct 2023 | Meadows | 730m | 4 | 5 | - | 6.0L | - | 2 | $17.50 | 10 days ago | 2 | 5.03925 | Korda | Vega Black 35.5kgs 6.0L | - |
| 6/8 | 18 Oct 2023 | Bendigo | 500m | 8 | 5 | - | 13.5L | - | 2 | $2.80 | 8 days ago | 6 | 7.03 | Our Girls Shout | - | - |
| 1/8 | 10 Oct 2023 | Geelong | 460m | 7 | 5 | - | 1.5L | - | 7 | $2.50 | 8 days ago | 1 | 6.8995 | Vega Black | - | Forbes Debut |
| 4/6 | 2 Oct 2023 | Shepparton | 650m | 8 | 5 | - | 7.5L | - | 6 | $7.70 | 19 days ago | 4 | 17.93 | Opawa Louise | - | - |
| 1/8 | 13 Sep 2023 | Bendigo | 500m | 8 | 5 | - | 3.0L | - | 3 | $7.90 | 9 days ago | 1 | 6.68, 15.43 | Vega Black | - | Nanna's Blue Boy |
| 7/8 | 4 Sep 2023 | Shepparton | 450m | 6 | 5 | - | 4.75L | - | 5 | $47.60 | 6 days ago | 7 | 6.932 | Broadside | - | - |
| 4/8 | 29 Aug 2023 | Geelong | 460m | 8 | 5 | - | 3.5L | - | 3 | $13.50 | 24 days ago | 4 | 6.8945 | Scarlett's Wish | - | - |
| 5/7 | 5 Aug 2023 | Ballarat | 450m | 8 | 5 | - | 7.25L | - | 7 | $15.00 | 73 days ago | 5 | 6.937 | So Sudden | - | - |
| 8/8 | 24 May 2023 | Meadows | 525m | 10 | Grade 5 | - | 16.5L | - | 1 | $60.60 | 124 days ago | 8 | - | Yarrell Bale | - | - |
| Firm | Good | Soft | Heavy | Synthetic | All Wet | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stats | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | |
| Win % | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Place % | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Rank | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Sire
Cosmic Rumble
Dam
Black Eva
Trained at
Gisborne
Owners
Michael Wallworth
| Trainer (12 months) | Stats | Win % | Place % | Rank | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MICHAEL WALLWORTH | 0-0-0-0 | 0% | 0% | - |
Race comment
Hard to have on current form, needs it easier.
Age
28/03/2021
Sex
Bk - Bitch
Today's Stats
Good
0-0-0-0
Track
0-0-0-0
Distance
0-0-0-0
Track & Distance
0-0-0-0
Career
20-4-0-1
Prize Money
$33,446
Win Range
N/A
Last 10 Starts
3145166674
Last Run
22 days ago
Win S/Rate
20%
Place S/Rate
25%
| Total | Distance | Track | Trk & Dist | Day | Night | 1st Up | 2nd Up | 3rd Up | 4th Up | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Listed | WFA | Jumps | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stats | 20-4-0-1 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | |
| Win % | 20% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Place % | 25% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Rank | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Finish | Date | Track | Distance | Race No. | Cond. | Class | Margin | Prize won | Box | SP | Last Run | In-running | Sectionals | Winner | 2nd | 3rd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4/6 | 26 Oct 2023 | Sandown Park | 715m | 9 | 5 | - | 5.0L | - | 7 | $55.90 | 6 days ago | 4 | 6.266 | Pearly Tears | - | - |
| 7/7 | 20 Oct 2023 | Bendigo | 660m | 1 | 5 | - | 14.75L | - | 3 | $15.00 | 5 days ago | 7 | 4.257 | Dewana Payout | - | - |
| 6/7 | 15 Oct 2023 | Sale | 640m | 5 | 5 | - | 5.25L | - | 5 | $45.60 | 3 days ago | 6 | 6.3125 | Mepunga Sunset | - | - |
| 6/6 | 12 Oct 2023 | Sandown Park | 715m | 4 | 5 | - | 8.0L | - | 8 | $9.40 | 6 days ago | 6 | 6.312 | Osprey Diva | - | - |
| 6/7 | 6 Oct 2023 | Geelong | 680m | 5 | 5 | - | 14.0L | - | 4 | $9.10 | 9 days ago | 6 | 18.547 | Osprey Diva | - | - |
| 1/4 | 27 Sep 2023 | Meadows | 730m | 7 | 5 | - | 7.75L | - | 1 | $1.20 | 6 days ago | 1 | 4.99, 16.08, 29.73 | Lilly Intention | - | Jeremy Spoke |
| 5/7 | 21 Sep 2023 | Sandown Park | 595m | 10 | 5 | - | 4.75L | - | 8 | $7.50 | 4 days ago | 5 | 9.9725 | Magic Eyeliner | - | - |
| 4/4 | 17 Sep 2023 | Sandown Park | 715m | 10 | 5 | - | 12.75L | - | 6 | $13.70 | 7 days ago | 4 | 6.165 | Pearly Tears | - | - |
| 1/7 | 10 Sep 2023 | Sandown Park | 595m | 2 | 6 | - | 9.25L | - | 3 | $1.90 | 5 days ago | 1 | 9.33, 23.66 | Lilly Intention | - | Jeremy Spoke |
| 3/7 | 5 Sep 2023 | Warragul | 680m | 5 | 6 | - | 4.25L | - | 6 | $8.00 | 9 days ago | 3 | 18.5975 | Big Suzie | - | Lilly Intention 29.9kgs 4.25L |
| Firm | Good | Soft | Heavy | Synthetic | All Wet | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stats | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | 0-0-0-0 | |
| Win % | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Place % | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Rank | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Sire
Hard Style Rico
Dam
Shae's Intention
Trained at
Casey (C)
Owners
O'Neill Racing
| Trainer (12 months) | Stats | Win % | Place % | Rank | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TODD O'NEILL | 0-0-0-0 | 0% | 0% | - |
Race comment
Rising front running stayer, tough to catch.